Quick Answer
Permafrost poses significant dangers including collapsing terrain, hidden crevices, and the risk of being trapped by thawing ground, making it essential for travelers to navigate with caution.
Dangers of Collapsing Terrain
Permafrost’s primary danger is the collapse of terrain, often referred to as “thaw slump.” This phenomenon occurs when the permafrost underlying a slope thaws, causing the surface to break away. In Alaska’s Brooks Range, researchers have documented thaw slumps as high as 20 feet, with some areas experiencing rates of 10-15 feet per year. To mitigate this risk, travelers should stick to well-trodden paths and avoid ascending steep slopes.
Hidden Crevices and Trapping
Permafrost terrain can also conceal hidden crevices and sinkholes. These can be created by the collapse of underground ice and can be several feet deep. When walking on permafrost, it’s essential to watch for signs of instability, such as uneven ground or displaced vegetation. If you do fall into a crevice, stay calm and try to find hand or footholds to climb out. If you’re unable to extricate yourself, signal for help and wait for rescue.
Navigation and Safety
Traveling through permafrost terrain requires specialized knowledge and equipment. When navigating, follow caribou tracks, as they often avoid areas of instability. In areas with dense vegetation, look for lichen and berry patches, which tend to grow on more stable ground. Always carry a portable shelter, warm clothing, and a first aid kit, as hypothermia can set in quickly in permafrost environments. In the event of an emergency, it’s essential to have a reliable means of communication, such as a satellite phone or two-way radio, to call for help.
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