Quick Answer
CWD statistics are compiled and reported annually by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) in conjunction with state and national wildlife agencies. These agencies collect and analyze data from hunter-harvested deer, elk, and moose, as well as from deer and elk farms. CWD testing is conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests.
Data Collection and Reporting
The data collection process for CWD involves several steps. First, state and national wildlife agencies conduct hunter-harvested surveys to collect deer and elk samples. These samples are then sent to CWD testing laboratories for analysis. In the United States, the CDC and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) have established a network of CWD testing laboratories that use ELISA and IHC tests to detect the presence of CWD prions. These laboratories are certified and accredited by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL).
Statistical Analysis and Reporting
Once the data is collected, it is analyzed and reported annually by the CDC and OIE. The data is presented in the form of maps, tables, and charts that show the prevalence of CWD in various states and regions. In 2020, for example, the CDC reported that 26 states and two Canadian provinces had detected CWD in free-ranging deer and elk. The data also shows that CWD has been detected in 43% of white-tailed deer and 25% of mule deer in areas where the disease is present. The annual reports also provide information on the number of positive test results, the number of test samples collected, and the overall prevalence of CWD in various regions.
CWD Surveillance and Monitoring
To monitor the spread of CWD, state and national wildlife agencies conduct surveillance and monitoring programs. These programs involve collecting and testing deer and elk samples from various locations, including hunting areas, farms, and wildlife management units. The data collected from these programs is used to identify areas where CWD is present and to monitor the prevalence of the disease over time. In addition, the CDC and OIE have established a CWD surveillance program that requires states and provinces to report any detected CWD cases to the CDC. This program helps to ensure that CWD is detected and reported in a timely and consistent manner.
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