Licensing Requirements for Raw Milk Sales by State?

States Allowing Raw Milk Sales

Twenty-nine states allow raw milk sales, either on-farm, at retail stores, or through cow-share programs. On-farm sales are allowed in 13 states, while 17 states permit sales at retail stores. Cow-share programs are available in 10 states. Some states, such as Wisconsin and North Carolina, have specific requirements for labeling and handling raw milk. For example, in Wisconsin, raw milk must be labeled as “raw milk” and may not be sold in containers larger than one gallon.

Licensing Requirements

Licensing requirements for raw milk sales vary significantly by state. In some states, such as Pennsylvania, dairy farmers must register their farms and obtain a permit to sell raw milk. Other states, like California, require dairy farmers to obtain a Grade A permit and undergo regular inspections. The cost of licenses and permits also varies by state, with some states charging annual fees and others charging a one-time application fee. For example, in New York, dairy farmers must pay an annual fee of $50 to sell raw milk on-farm.

Examples of State Licensing Requirements

Some states have specific requirements for raw milk sales, such as testing for bacterial contaminants. In Michigan, for example, raw milk must be tested for E. coli and Salmonella before sale. Other states, like Oregon, require dairy farmers to maintain a record of milk production and testing. In Oregon, dairy farmers must also label raw milk containers with the farm’s name, address, and a warning statement about the risks of raw milk consumption.