Quick Answer
SMALL MAMMAL TRACKS CAN BE IDENTIFIED BY THEIR SMALL SIZE, UNIQUE PATTERNS, AND SPECIALIZED FEATURES SUCH AS CLAWS OR DIGIT MARKINGS. TRACKS FROM RODENTS, SHREWS, AND MOLES CAN BE CONFUSED, BUT THERE ARE DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS. OBSERVATION OF TRACKS IN THEIR NATURAL SETTING IS ESSENTIAL FOR ACCURATE IDENTIFICATION.
Size and Shape
To identify small mammal tracks, start by measuring their diameter. Rodents typically have tracks between 1-3 cm (0.4-1.2 in) in diameter, while shrews are usually smaller, ranging from 0.5-1.5 cm (0.2-0.6 in). Mole tracks are generally larger, measuring 2-5 cm (0.8-2 in) in diameter. Notice the shape of the track as well: rodents tend to have oval-shaped tracks with four toes, while shrews and moles have more pointed, elongated tracks with five toes.
Claw and Digit Markings
Examine the tracks for claw and digit markings. Rodents often have well-defined claws and a distinct heel pad, while shrews have smaller, less defined claws and a more subtle heel pad. Moles, on the other hand, have large, prominent claws and a prominent heel pad. Look for the arrangement of toe pads and the distance between them to help distinguish between species. For example, rodents typically have their toe pads arranged in a straight line, while shrews and moles have their toe pads in a more staggered arrangement.
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