Can You Successfully Restore Grasslands Without Irrigation?

Selecting Native Species for Restored Grasslands

When restoring grasslands, it’s essential to choose native species that are well-suited to the local climate and soil conditions. In the Midwest, warm-season grasses like big bluestem, indiangrass, and switchgrass are excellent choices for upland bird habitat. These native grasses have deep roots that allow them to access water deep in the soil, reducing the need for irrigation. For example, big bluestem can grow up to 6 feet tall and has a root system that can reach as deep as 10 feet, making it an excellent choice for areas with low rainfall.

Controlling Invasive Vegetation in Restored Grasslands

Invasive species like eastern redcedar and smooth brome can outcompete native grasses and reduce the effectiveness of restoration efforts. To control invasive vegetation, landowners can use a combination of techniques, including mowing, prescribed burning, and herbicide application. For example, mowing invasive cedar and brome in the spring can help suppress their growth and give native grasses a chance to establish themselves. Prescribed burning can also be used to remove invasive species and promote the growth of native grasses.

Creating Nesting Cover in Restored Grasslands

Restored grasslands can provide excellent nesting cover for upland birds like the bobwhite and the pheasant. To create nesting cover, landowners can plant native grasses and wildflowers in areas with low vegetation. This can be done through the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), which provides financial incentives for landowners to plant native vegetation and establish wildlife habitat. By creating nesting cover in restored grasslands, landowners can provide a safe and productive habitat for upland birds and support their populations.