Quick Answer
To pattern a 28 ga shotgun for optimal performance, the goal is to achieve a balanced spread with dense patterns at close ranges and more open spreads at longer distances. This is typically achieved using a 32-inch or longer barrel, a choke that is adjusted to the intended shooting range, and proper ammunition selection. The pattern should be visually inspected for the desired spread and density.
Choosing the Right Choke and Barrel Length
For a 28 ga shotgun, a 32-inch barrel is a good starting point. This length allows for a balanced spread and a moderate velocity increase. A choke that is too tight will result in a dense pattern at close ranges but may not open up as much at longer distances. Conversely, a choke that is too open may not provide enough density at close ranges. A Full or Modified choke is a good starting point for 28 ga shotguns, with a 1 3/4-inch or 2-inch Modified choke providing a good balance between close-range density and long-range spread.
Ammunition Selection and Patterns
The type of ammunition used can greatly affect the pattern of a 28 ga shotgun. Steel shot and other non-toxic loads can be used in 28 ga shotguns, but they may produce a slightly different pattern than lead shot. When patterning a 28 ga shotgun, it’s essential to use the same type of ammunition that will be used in the field. At 20 yards, a 28 ga shotgun loaded with 1 1/8 oz of lead shot and a Full choke should produce a pattern with approximately 75-80% of the pellets within a 24-inch circle, with about 90% of the pellets within a 36-inch circle. At 30 yards, this pattern should open up to approximately 40-45% of the pellets within a 24-inch circle and about 70% within a 36-inch circle.
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