How to Determine Electrical Burn Severity After a Lightning Strike?

Assessing Burn Depth

Assessing burn depth is critical in determining the severity of electrical burns. To do this, gently remove any clothing and jewelry in the affected area, taking care not to break blisters. For first-degree burns, the skin may appear red and swollen, but the blisters remain intact. For second-degree burns, blisters are present, and the skin may be pink or red. Third-degree burns have charred or white skin, with blisters that have ruptured, exposing the underlying tissue. The “punch test” can be used to assess burn depth: gently pinch the affected skin with your fingers. For first-degree burns, pain is felt, but the skin springs back. For second-degree burns, pain is still felt, but the skin may remain depressed. For third-degree burns, no pain is felt, and the skin remains depressed.

Neurological Assessment

A thorough neurological assessment is essential in determining the severity of electrical burns. Evaluate the individual’s level of consciousness, pupil reactivity, and motor function. Use the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) to assess level of consciousness: 15 points for a fully conscious individual, 3-8 points for a comatose individual. Check pupil reactivity by shining a light in the eyes; normal pupils should constrict. Assess motor function by asking the individual to perform simple tasks, such as squeezing your hand or lifting their arm. Abnormal responses may indicate neurological damage.

First Aid and CPR

First aid and CPR are critical in treating individuals with electrical burns. Call 911 or your local emergency number immediately. Provide basic life support, including CPR and the use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) if necessary. Do not attempt to move the individual unless they are in imminent danger. Keep the affected area cool with cold water, but avoid ice or ice water, which can cause further damage.