Quick Answer
Genetics has a more significant impact on antler size, as it influences the deer's genetic predisposition for growth, but proper nutrition is essential for maximizing antler potential.
Genetics and Antler Development
Genetics play a crucial role in determining antler size, with certain breeds and bloodlines predisposed to larger antlers. For example, the Boone and Crockett Club’s record book shows that the top 10 largest antlers in the world come from only three breeds: the white-tailed deer, the mule deer, and the Sitka black-tailed deer. This suggests that genetics are a key factor in determining antler size.
Nutrition and Antler Growth
However, proper nutrition is also essential for maximizing antler potential. Deer require a diet rich in protein, calcium, and phosphorus to grow and develop their antlers. During the growth period, which typically occurs from spring to fall, deer need to consume an additional 25% to 30% more calories than they would during other times of the year. This can be achieved through a combination of high-quality forage, mineral supplements, and controlled feeding. For example, a study by the University of Wisconsin found that deer fed a diet of high-quality alfalfa and corn experienced significantly greater antler growth than those fed a lower-quality diet.
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