Quick Answer
Underground structures can be viable in extreme cold climates, but they require careful design and insulation to maintain livability, and may also necessitate additional heating systems.
Insulation and Climate Considerations
When building underground structures in extreme cold climates, proper insulation is crucial to maintain a comfortable temperature inside. A well-insulated underground home can maintain a consistent temperature of around 65°F (18°C) even in -20°C (-4°F) ambient temperatures. This can be achieved using a combination of insulation materials such as foam board, fiberglass batts, and reflective insulation, with a minimum R-value of R-40 to R-60 for the walls and R-60 to R-90 for the ceiling.
Heating and Ventilation Systems
In addition to insulation, underground homes in extreme cold climates often require supplemental heating systems to maintain a comfortable temperature. This can include radiant floor heating, hydronic heating systems, or even geothermal heating systems. It’s also essential to ensure proper ventilation to prevent moisture buildup and condensation, which can lead to structural issues and health problems. A well-designed ventilation system should be able to exchange the air inside the home with the outside air at a rate of at least 1-2 air changes per hour.
Design and Construction Techniques
When designing and constructing underground structures in extreme cold climates, it’s essential to consider factors such as soil type, water table depth, and foundation design. A well-designed foundation can help to transfer loads to the surrounding soil, reducing the risk of settlement or structural issues. Techniques such as earthbag construction, rammed earth construction, and insulated concrete forms (ICFs) can provide an additional layer of insulation and help to regulate the internal temperature.
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