Quick Answer
Heat stroke and heat exhaustion are both heat-related illnesses, but they have distinct symptoms. Heat stroke is a more severe condition characterized by extremely high body temperature, usually above 103°F (39.4°C), while heat exhaustion is a milder condition with symptoms like heavy sweating and pale, cool, and clammy skin. The key difference lies in the severity of their symptoms.
Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion
Heat exhaustion is a common precursor to heat stroke and can occur when the body loses excessive amounts of water and salt due to heavy sweating. Common symptoms include heavy sweating, pale, cool, and clammy skin, fast and weak pulse, nausea or vomiting, dizziness or fainting, and headaches. To diagnose heat exhaustion, look for a body temperature below 103°F (39.4°C) and a normal or slightly elevated heart rate.
Symptoms of Heat Stroke
Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body’s temperature regulation system is overloaded, causing the brain to shut down. Symptoms of heat stroke include a body temperature above 103°F (39.4°C), confusion, agitation, or loss of consciousness, slurred speech, seizures, and dry, flushed skin with no sweating. If you suspect someone has heat stroke, call emergency services immediately and begin cooling the person with cool water or a cool compress.
Treatment and Prevention
Preventing heat-related illnesses involves acclimating to the heat, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water, and taking regular breaks in shaded or air-conditioned areas. If you or someone else experiences symptoms of heat exhaustion, move to a cooler location, remove excess clothing, and rest while drinking cool water. In severe cases of heat exhaustion, seek medical attention to prevent progression to heat stroke.
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