Quick Answer
Lithium AA batteries can survive extreme cold temperatures, but their performance may degrade significantly. At temperatures below -20°C (-4°F), lithium batteries' power output and shelf life decrease rapidly. However, most lithium AA batteries retain some functionality even at -40°C (-40°F), though not at optimal levels.
Battery Performance in Cold Weather
Lithium AA batteries typically have a recommended operating temperature range of -20°C to 60°C (-4°F to 140°F). Outside this range, battery performance drops. In cold temperatures, lithium batteries’ internal resistance increases, reducing their capacity and overall performance. A study found that a lithium AA battery’s capacity drops by around 20% at -20°C (-4°F) and by 50% at -40°C (-40°F).
Impact on Devices
The decline in battery performance affects devices that rely on these batteries. In extreme cold, devices may not function properly or may run out of power quickly. For example, a flashlight powered by lithium AA batteries in -20°C (-4°F) cold temperatures may only last for a few hours instead of the expected 24 hours. This reduction in battery life is critical for devices that require consistent power, such as medical devices or communication equipment.
Best Practices for Storing Lithium Batteries in Cold Weather
To minimize the impact of cold temperatures on lithium AA batteries, store them indoors or in a sheltered location when not in use. If storing in a vehicle, keep the vehicle’s engine and interior warm to maintain a stable temperature. Avoid exposing lithium batteries to extreme temperature fluctuations, which can further reduce their lifespan.
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