Quick Answer
Identify mourning doves by their gray-brown plumage, black spot on their neck, and mournful, low-pitched cooing call. They have a small, pointed tail and black-edged wings.
Key Identification Features
When identifying mourning doves in the field, start by looking for their distinctive gray-brown plumage, which often appears dull and worn. Note the black spot on their neck, which is a key identifier. Be aware that this spot can be difficult to spot, especially from a distance, so use a spotting scope or binoculars to get a closer look.
Plumage and Size
Mourning doves are medium-sized birds, typically measuring between 11 and 13 inches in length. They have a stout build and a small, pointed tail. In terms of plumage, mourning doves have a gray-brown back and wings, with a black-edged wing tip. Their belly is a lighter gray-brown color, and they have a black spot on their neck. When observing a mourning dove in the field, take note of its overall size and plumage pattern to help confirm its identity.
Vocalization and Behavior
Mourning doves are known for their mournful, low-pitched cooing call, which is often described as a low, guttural “oo-oo-oo” sound. This call is typically given from a perch or while in flight. Be aware that mourning doves are also known to make other sounds, such as a high-pitched “cook-cook-cook” sound, but the cooing call is the most distinctive and reliable identifier. When listening for the call, try to locate the dove in a tree or on a fence post, as they often perch in these locations.
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