Quick Answer
The age of wood can impact bow drill fire making, but the effect is relatively minor. Hardwoods tend to burn more consistently than softwoods, making them a better choice for fire starting. However, with proper technique, a bow drill can generate sparks from a variety of wood types.
Choosing the Right Wood
When selecting a wood for a bow drill, it’s essential to choose a hardwood that is free of knots and resinous sap. Ash, oak, and maple are popular choices due to their high density and consistent burning characteristics. Softwoods like pine and fir, on the other hand, tend to burn more erratically and produce less heat. If you’re forced to use a softwood, look for sections with a higher concentration of heartwood, which tends to be denser and more consistent than sapwood.
Preparing the Drill
To prepare the drill, split a piece of hardwood into a long, thin strip, about 1/4 inch thick and 1 inch wide. Cut the strip to a length of about 12-18 inches, depending on the size of your bow drill. Use a sharp knife or stone to smooth the edges and create a flat, even surface. This will ensure a consistent drill diameter and prevent the drill from binding or catching on the hearth.
Building the Fire
Once you’ve prepared the drill, use it to create a notch in a piece of hardwood, about 1 inch deep and 1/2 inch wide. Place a small amount of tinder in the notch and use the bow drill to create a spark. Hold the drill at a 30-40 degree angle and apply steady, consistent pressure to the bow. As the drill begins to rotate, it will create heat and eventually produce a spark. Aim the spark at the tinder and gently blow on it to create a flame.
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