Quick Answer
Hard hammer techniques involve using a rigid, heavy stone or metal object to strike a flint or stone core, while soft hammer techniques employ a flexible, lighter tool, often a piece of antler or wood, to deliver precise control and pressure on the striking edge.
Hard Hammer Techniques
Hard hammer techniques are often used for initial knapping and rough shaping of stone. A hard hammer, typically made from a dense, heavy material such as a granite or steel rock, is used to strike the core with significant force. This method is ideal for breaking away large flakes and roughing out the desired shape of the tool. However, it can be difficult to achieve precise control with a hard hammer, which may lead to uneven or damaged edges.
Soft Hammer Techniques
Soft hammer techniques are used for fine-tuning and pressure flaking, where precise control is essential. A soft hammer, such as a piece of antler or a wooden mallet, is used to apply gentle, controlled pressure on the striking edge. This method allows for more accuracy and can help avoid damaging the stone. By using a soft hammer, knappers can achieve a more delicate, uniform finish and create intricate details on the tool’s edge. For example, a knapper might use a soft hammer to remove a single flake from a pressure flaked edge, creating a razor-sharp edge suitable for arrowheads or blades.
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