Quick Answer
A makeshift shelter can improve your chances of survival at sea by providing protection from wind, rain, and sun exposure, as well as a sense of security and reduced stress levels.
Shelter Design and Construction
A makeshift shelter at sea can be constructed using a variety of materials found on a life raft or nearby. A simple lean-to design can be built using a 2x4 piece of wood or a long-handled oar as a ridgepole, with a tarp or a large plastic bag draped over it. A better design incorporates a windbreak, such as a 3-4 foot tall wall made from foam blocks or a long-handled oar, and a sloping roof to allow rain to run off.
Signaling for Rescue
A shelter also provides a quiet, protected space to signal for rescue using a mirror, whistle, or other signaling devices. This is especially important at night when visibility is reduced and it’s easier for rescuers to spot the lights from a shelter. Aim for a signal that can be seen for 10-15 miles, such as a series of three short flashes with a 10-second pause between each flash.
Desalination and Hydration
Having a shelter also allows you to focus on finding or creating a reliable source of fresh water. One technique is to collect dew or rainwater using a tarp or plastic bag, which can be a slow but effective way to collect up to 1 gallon of water per night. Alternatively, you can use a solar still to desalinate seawater, which can produce up to 2 cups of freshwater per hour, given the right conditions.
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