Quick Answer
To make a DIY compass, look for natural materials such as magnetite, iron ore, or ferrite-containing rocks like magnetite-bearing quartz or iron-bearing garnets. These materials can be used to create a working compass. A dry needle from a pine or fir tree branch can serve as the directional indicator.
Finding the Right Materials
When searching for natural materials to make a compass, look for iron ore deposits or magnetite-bearing rocks. These can be found in areas with volcanic activity, iron-rich soil, or near streams and rivers where iron-rich sediments have settled. Some specific examples include magnetite-bearing quartz, iron-bearing garnets, and other ferrite-containing minerals.
Identifying Useful Minerals
To identify useful minerals, observe the color, texture, and luster of the rock or soil. Magnetite has a metallic luster, dark gray to black color, and may exhibit magnetic properties. Iron-bearing garnets have a deep red to black color and may exhibit weak magnetic properties. When in doubt, test the material by exposing it to a magnet to see if it’s attracted.
Preparing the Materials
Once you’ve identified the right materials, you’ll need to prepare them for use in your compass. Cut or break off a small piece of the mineral, then pound it into a fine powder using a rock or a metal hammer. Sift the powder to remove any debris or impurities, then mix it with water to create a paste. Use this paste to coat a dry needle from a pine or fir tree branch, which will serve as the directional indicator for your compass.
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