Quick Answer
Equalization charging for flooded batteries requires a higher charging rate and voltage, typically 2-3 times the normal charge rate and 1.8-2.2 volts per cell, while sealed batteries require a lower rate and voltage, usually 1.5-2 volts per cell.
Flooded Battery Equalization
Flooded batteries require more aggressive equalization due to the open nature of the electrolyte. The recommended procedure involves a higher charging rate, typically 1-2 amps per 100Ah of battery capacity, for a period of 2-3 hours. The voltage should be set to 1.8-2.2 volts per cell, with a maximum of 15-20 volts for a 12V system. This higher voltage helps to break down sulfation and balance the electrolyte levels.
Sealed Battery Equalization
Sealed batteries, on the other hand, require a more gentle equalization due to their closed design. A lower charging rate of 0.5-1 amp per 100Ah of battery capacity is typically recommended, for a period of 1-2 hours. The voltage should be set to 1.5-2 volts per cell, with a maximum of 12-15 volts for a 12V system. This lower voltage helps to maintain the internal pressure and prevent over-charging.
Safe Equalization Practices
Regardless of the battery type, it’s essential to follow safe equalization practices to avoid damaging the batteries. Always ensure the batteries are fully charged before equalization, and use a high-quality equalization charge controller or a dedicated equalization charger. Monitor the battery temperature, voltage, and current during equalization, and disconnect the charger if any abnormal readings are detected.
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