Quick Answer
Stay away from the volcano, follow evacuation orders, and have a plan for emergency shelter and communication.
Understanding the Volcanic Hazards
Volcanic eruptions can produce pyroclastic flows, lahars, and ashfall, which can be deadly and destructive. Pyroclastic flows can reach speeds of up to 100 mph, while lahars can travel at speeds of up to 30 mph. Ashfall can cause respiratory problems and damage crops, buildings, and infrastructure.
Creating Effective Emergency Shelters
When creating an emergency shelter, consider the following factors: it should be at least 100 yards away from the volcano, have a sturdy roof, and be protected from wind and rain. A simple lean-to shelter can be constructed using a tarp, branches, and rope. The shelter should also have a clear escape route and be equipped with basic supplies, such as food, water, first aid kit, and a radio.
Communication and Evacuation
In case of an unexpected volcanic eruption, it’s essential to have a plan for communication and evacuation. This includes keeping a battery-powered radio, a whistle, and a personal locator beacon (PLB) in your emergency kit. Evacuation routes should be clearly marked, and people should be aware of the nearest safe zones. If evacuation is not possible, stay in the shelter and follow instructions from local authorities.
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