Quick Answer
To use a compass with topographic maps effectively, establish a baseline with a known direction, use a prominent landmark to set your direction-of-travel, and then use your compass to align the map and real-world features. Take regular bearings to ensure you stay on course. This process is crucial for navigating through unfamiliar terrain.
Setting Up Your Compass and Map
When using a compass with a topographic map, it’s essential to start by establishing a baseline. This baseline is a known direction, such as true north or a prominent landmark. To do this, hold your map and compass level, and align the magnetic north indicator on your compass with the magnetic north symbol on your map. Make a small mark on your map where the compass’s direction-of-travel arrow points. This will be your starting point.
Understanding Map Contours
Topographic maps are covered in contour lines that indicate changes in elevation. The closer the lines are together, the steeper the slope. To use contours effectively, look for a prominent landmark or a change in terrain that aligns with your direction-of-travel. Use your compass to take a bearing on this feature, and then use the contours to navigate through the terrain. A general rule of thumb is to use three or more contour lines to determine a feature’s shape and orientation.
Taking Bearings and Checking Progress
To ensure you stay on course, take regular bearings using your compass. This involves aligning the compass’s direction-of-travel arrow with the map’s features, and then reading the bearing from the compass. Compare this bearing to the bearing you took at your starting point to ensure you’re still on track. Take bearings at regular intervals, such as every 30 minutes or every kilometer, to stay oriented and adjust your course as needed.
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