Quick Answer
At noon, the sun is due south in the Northern Hemisphere and due north in the Southern Hemisphere, so to find direction, observe the shadow of a vertical object, such as a stick or tree, and note which direction it points. In the Northern Hemisphere, the shadow will point north, while in the Southern Hemisphere, it will point south.
Understanding Sun Shadows
The sun’s shadow can be used to find direction by observing the shadow cast by a vertical object. This technique works best near noon, when the sun is at its highest point in the sky. To use this method, find a straight stick or a thin tree branch and stick it into the ground. Mark the end of the shadow with a small rock or stick. Wait for a few minutes and mark the new end of the shadow. Draw a line between the two marks. The midpoint of this line will be approximately north-south.
Using the Shadow Stick Technique
To use the shadow stick technique, find a straight stick or branch and stick it into the ground so that it is vertical. Mark the end of the shadow with a small rock or stick. Wait for 15-20 minutes, or until the sun has moved noticeably. Mark the new end of the shadow with another rock or stick. Draw a line between the two marks. The midpoint of this line will be approximately north-south. This technique works best when the sun is high in the sky, and the stick is at least 6 feet tall.
Measuring Direction with Shadows
To measure the direction of north more accurately, use a stick or branch that is at least 10 feet tall. Measure the length of the shadow at both marks, and then use a protractor or a compass to measure the angle between the two shadows. In the Northern Hemisphere, the angle will be approximately 90 degrees, while in the Southern Hemisphere, it will be approximately 270 degrees. This method can be used to estimate the direction of north with an accuracy of about 10-20 degrees.
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