Quick Answer
At higher altitudes, a .308 Winchester's performance on elk is affected by decreased air pressure, which reduces bullet expansion and penetration. This typically results in less energy transfer and a higher likelihood of bullet fragmentation. As a general rule, hunting at high altitudes requires more precise shot placement.
Effects of Altitude on Ballistic Performance
When hunting at high altitudes, such as above 9,000 feet, the .308 Winchester’s ballistic performance is significantly impacted. The decrease in air pressure reduces the bullet’s kinetic energy, resulting in less expansion and penetration. For example, a 168-grain .308 Winchester bullet may experience a 10-15% loss in kinetic energy at 10,000 feet, while a 180-grain bullet may see a 5-10% loss.
Shot Placement Considerations
To compensate for the reduced performance, hunters should focus on making precise shot placement, aiming for critical areas such as the lungs or heart. Aiming for the chest cavity, specifically the center of the lungs, is often a good starting point. This allows for maximum energy transfer and a higher chance of a clean kill.
Hunting at High Altitudes
When hunting at high altitudes, it’s essential to consider the rifle’s ballistic capabilities and the hunter’s skill level. A more powerful rifle, such as a .300 Winchester Magnum, may be a better option in high-altitude environments. However, it’s also crucial to consider the hunter’s ability to accurately place shots at longer ranges. In general, it’s best to stick with a rifle that you’re comfortable shooting and to focus on making precise shot placement to ensure a successful hunt.
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