Quick Answer
High nitrate levels in drinking water can increase the risk of blue baby syndrome, a condition that prevents the blood from carrying oxygen to the body's organs and tissues, and may also increase the risk of certain types of cancer and reproductive issues.
Health Risks and Causes
High nitrate levels in drinking water are primarily caused by agricultural runoff, sewage, and industrial waste. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends a maximum allowable concentration of 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of nitrate in drinking water. Exposure to high nitrates can lead to methemoglobinemia, also known as blue baby syndrome, which can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, dizziness, and blue discoloration of the skin.
Identifying and Mitigating Nitrates
To identify high nitrate levels in drinking water, homeowners can use water testing kits that are designed to detect nitrates. These kits are available at most hardware stores and home improvement stores and typically involve a simple dipstick or test strip that changes color in the presence of nitrates. If high nitrate levels are detected, homeowners can take steps to mitigate the problem by installing a water filtration system or using bottled water.
Testing and Treatment Options
When selecting a water testing kit, look for one that is certified by a reputable third-party organization, such as the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF). This ensures that the kit is accurate and reliable. Additionally, consider investing in a comprehensive water testing kit that can detect a range of contaminants, including nitrates, bacteria, and lead. For treatment, consider installing a reverse osmosis filtration system or an activated carbon filter, which can effectively remove nitrates and other contaminants from drinking water.
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