Is it safe to hike near active lava flows?

Lava Flow Behavior and Speed

Lava flows are unpredictable and can travel at speeds varying from a few kilometers per hour to over 100 kilometers per hour. The speed depends on factors like viscosity, gas content, slope, and distance. For example, the 2018 Kilauea eruption in Hawaii saw lava flows reach speeds of up to 80 kilometers per hour. Knowing the speed and direction of the flow is crucial for safe evacuation.

Hazards Associated with Lava Flows

Active lava flows pose numerous hazards, including extreme heat that can cause severe burns within seconds, toxic gases like sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride that can cause respiratory issues, and pyroclastic flows that can be deadly. It’s essential to be aware of the warning signs, such as the sound of roaring, the sight of glowing lava, and the smell of sulfur. If you’re caught in a pyroclastic flow, the recommended survival technique is to turn perpendicular to the flow and crouch low to reduce exposure to heat and gases.

Safety Precautions and Evacuation Procedures

If you’re planning to hike near areas prone to lava flows, it’s crucial to stay informed about the current volcanic activity, follow local guidelines, and be prepared for an emergency evacuation. In the event of an eruption, stay away from rivers, valleys, and low-lying areas, as these are common paths for lava flows. Follow evacuation routes and instructions from authorities, and be prepared to move quickly and safely.