Differences between direct and indirect percussion flaking?

Direct Percussion Flaking

Direct percussion flaking is a fundamental technique used in flintknapping to remove flakes from a stone tool. It involves striking the tool with a hard object, such as a hammerstone, to create a conchoidal fracture. The force of the strike breaks off a flake, which can then be removed to shape the tool. To perform direct percussion flaking, hold the tool firmly in place with one hand and strike it with a hammerstone held in the other hand. Aim for the center of the tool, using a glancing blow to remove flakes.

Indirect Percussion Flaking

Indirect percussion flaking is a more advanced technique used in flintknapping to remove small flakes from a stone tool. It involves using a punch or anvil to transfer force to the tool, resulting in a more controlled flaking process. To perform indirect percussion flaking, hold the tool firmly in place with one hand and position the punch or anvil opposite the area to be flaked. Strike the punch or anvil with a hammerstone, using a glancing blow to transfer force to the tool. This technique allows for finer control and more precise removal of flakes, making it ideal for making arrowheads and blades.

Techniques for Indirect Percussion Flaking

To master indirect percussion flaking, practice is essential. Start by holding the tool firmly in place with one hand and using a small punch or anvil to remove small flakes. Gradually increase the force of the strike as needed, using a glancing blow to control the direction of the flake removal. Aim to remove flakes that are no thicker than 1/16 inch (1.5 mm) to achieve a high-quality edge on the tool.