Quick Answer
Basic monitoring techniques for injury victims in the field include checking for breathing and pulse, assessing level of consciousness, and looking for signs of shock or bleeding. These checks should be performed regularly and in conjunction with other life-saving interventions. The goal is to quickly identify potential issues and take corrective action.
Assessing Level of Consciousness
Assess the victim’s level of consciousness using the AVPU scale: A - Alert, V - responds to Voice, P - responds to Pain, U - Unresponsive. This scale quickly identifies the level of impairment and guides further assessment and treatment. For example, if the victim is unresponsive, begin CPR if trained, or call for help to get additional assistance.
Monitoring Breathing and Pulse
Check the victim’s breathing rate and depth by placing your ear near their mouth and nose. A normal breathing rate is 12-20 breaths per minute. Check the pulse in the neck or wrist, and look for a normal heart rate of 70-100 beats per minute. If the victim is not breathing or has a weak pulse, begin CPR or call for help to get additional assistance.
Identifying Signs of Shock or Bleeding
Look for signs of shock, such as pale or cool skin, shallow breathing, rapid heartbeat, and decreased urine output. Check the victim’s wounds for bleeding or other injuries. If the victim is bleeding, apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or bandage. Elevate the wounded area above the level of the heart to reduce blood flow to the area. If the bleeding is severe or the victim is in shock, call for help and begin other life-saving interventions as needed.
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