Quick Answer
Tillering a primitive bow involves creating a smooth, even curve along the length of the stave, typically by applying heat and pressure. This process requires patience, attention to detail, and the right tools. Proper tillering can significantly improve the bow's performance and durability.
Selecting and Preparing the Stave
When selecting a stave for tillering, look for straight-grained, knot-free wood with a diameter of 3/4 inch to 1 inch (2 cm to 2.5 cm). The ideal length is around 70 inches (1.8 meters) to allow for tillering and sinew backing. Use a drawknife to remove any imperfections, flatten the back, and create a consistent thickness of about 1/2 inch (1.3 cm) for the tillered section.
The Tillering Process
Heat the stave over an open flame or using a heat gun until it reaches a temperature of around 150°F (65°C) to 200°F (90°C). Use a series of evenly spaced, gentle bends to create a smooth, consistent curve. Apply pressure using a tillering tool or a heated metal strip, working your way along the stave. Repeat this process 5-7 times, allowing the stave to cool between each application.
Final Shaping and Sinew Backing
Once the tillering process is complete, use a drawknife to refine the shape and remove any excess wood. Apply a thin layer of sinew or plant fiber to the back of the bow, working in sections to ensure an even, consistent application. Use heat and pressure to set the sinew in place, creating a strong, durable backing that will improve the bow’s performance and stability.
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