Quick Answer
Lichens on trees can provide limited additional navigation clues for the trained observer. These clues can aid in orienting oneself in the wilderness, but they are not as reliable as other forms of navigation. Experienced navigators can use lichens to estimate the direction of prevailing winds, which can be helpful in certain environments.
Identifying Lichens for Navigation
Lichens are composite organisms composed of fungi and algae or cyanobacteria living in symbiosis. They can grow on a wide range of substrates, including tree bark, rocks, and soil. For navigation purposes, look for lichens that are oriented with their edges parallel to the direction of prevailing winds.
Using Lichens to Estimate Wind Direction
To estimate the direction of prevailing winds using lichens, follow these steps: 1) Find a dominant tree with a variety of lichens growing on its trunk and branches. 2) Observe the orientation of the lichens’ edges, looking for those that are parallel to each other. 3) Note the direction in which the parallel lichens are facing. In most environments, the edges of lichens will be oriented with their upper surfaces receiving the most sunlight, so the direction of the lichens will generally be within 20-30 degrees of the direction of prevailing winds.
Limitations and Considerations
While lichens can provide useful clues for navigation, they are not a reliable method for determining exact directions. Other factors, such as sun position, landmarks, and topography, should be used in conjunction with lichen observations to ensure accurate navigation. In areas with high levels of pollution or extreme weather conditions, lichens may not grow or may be damaged, making them less useful for navigation.
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